Photo-physiological performance and short-term acclimation of two coexisting macrophytes (<em>Cymodocea nodosa</em> and <em>Caulerpa prolifera</em>) with depth

Fernando Tuya; Séfora Betancor; Federico Fabbri; Fernando Espino; Ricardo Haroun

doi:10.3989/scimar.04391.07A

Autores/as

Fernando Tuya Grupo en Biodiversidad y Conservación, IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria,
Séfora Betancor Grupo en Biodiversidad y Conservación, IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria,
Federico Fabbri Grupo en Biodiversidad y Conservación, IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria,
Fernando Espino Grupo en Biodiversidad y Conservación, IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria,
Ricardo Haroun Grupo en Biodiversidad y Conservación, IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04391.07A

Palabras clave:

macroalgas, angiospermas, foto-aclimatación, foto-biología, fotoprotección, Océano Atlántico

Resumen

Los macrófitos marinos se distribuyen verticalmente de acuerdo a sus capacidades para optimizar su rendimiento fotosintético. Evaluamos el rendimiento foto-fisiológico de la fanerógama marina Cymodocea nodosa y el alga verde Caulerpa prolifera a diferentes profundidades en la isla de Gran Canaria (Islas Canarias, Atlántico oriental). La biomasa de C. nodosa decrece con la profundidad, mientras que para C. prolifera ocurre lo contrario. Las respuestas foto-químicas de ambos macrófitos se midieron en aguas someras (5 m) y profundas (20 m), en dos tiempos, a través de la fluorescencia de la clorofila a y los contenidos internos en pigmentos fotoprotectores y la actividad antioxidante. Además, ejecutamos un experimento de trasplante recíproco, recolocando fragmentos vegetativos de ambos macrófitos entre aguas someras y profundas para determinar su aclimatación a corto plazo. En general, C. nodosa se comporta como “planta de sol”, con mayor rendimiento cuántico óptimo y ETR_max bajo escenarios de alta radiación PAR y mayor actividad antioxidante. Contrariamente, C. prolifera es una “planta de sombra”, mostrando mayor cantidad de carotenos, en particular a poca profundidad. Ejemplares profundos de ambos macrófitos son más eficientes foto-químicamente que los de aguas someras. El alga C. prolifera muestra una aclimatación rápida, a corto plazo, de su eficiencia fotosintética ante cambios en el régimen luminoso. En conclusión, regímenes depauperados lumínicamente favorecen el rendimiento fotosintético del alga verde.

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