Estrategias de vida de un relevante pez de arrecife, la fula negra Similiparma lurida (Pomacentridae) en el Noroeste Atlántico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04343.28APalabras clave:
Pomacentridae, Similiparma lurida, historia de vida, reclutamiento, peces costeros, distribución espacial, Atlántico NororientalResumen
Similiparma lurida es un pez común que habita en aguas poco profundas de fondos rocosos someros de los archipiélagos oceánicos del Atlántico Norte, y las costas desde Portugal a Senegal. Este estudio se conceptualizó para integrar información relativa a atributos poblacionales clave de S. lurida, incluyendo: estructura de tallas y edad, crecimiento, reproducción y talla de primera madurez con la descripción de los patrones de abundancia en arrecifes poco profundos, incluyendo la temporalidad en el reclutamiento y preferencias de hábitat por juveniles, sub-adultos y adultos. Esta especie alcanza hasta 15.7 cm de longitud total (LT) y 18 años de edad. Los machos crecen más rápido y son más largos (K=0.28 years–1, L∞=14.487 cm LT) que las hembras (K=0.23 years–1, L∞=13.461 cm LT), lo que afecta a la sex ratio de machos y hembras (1:0.26). El tamaño en el que se alcanza el 50% de la madurez sexual fue 10.344 cm (LT) para los machos y 8.471 cm (LT) para las hembras. El crecimiento es mayor durante la temporada de desove, que ocurre de noviembre a marzo, incluyendo un máximo reproductivo en febrero. Dos meses después de este pico (abril), los juveniles alcanzaron abundancias máximas en zonas de arrecifes de gran relieve. Los adultos, sin embargo, muestran una preferencia hacia los fondos rocosos cubiertos de algas intercaladas con parches de arena, lo que sugiere cambios ontogenéticos en las preferencias de micro-hábitat cuando los juveniles se desarrollan en adultos.
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