Selección de puntos homólogos (landmarks) y equidistantes (semilandmarks) en peces para análisis de morfometría geométrica: un estudio comparativo basado en métodos analíticos

Autores/as

  • Marc Farré Institut de Ciències del Mar, CSIC
  • Víctor M. Tuset Institut de Ciències del Mar, CSIC
  • Francesc Maynou Institut de Ciències del Mar, CSIC
  • Laura Recasens Institut de Ciències del Mar, CSIC
  • Antoni Lombarte Institut de Ciències del Mar, CSIC

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04280.15A

Palabras clave:

características morfológicas, puntos homólogos, morfometría geométrica, diversidad, patrón de puntos, morfoespacio, peces marinos

Resumen


En el presente estudio se compara la estructura de una comunidad de peces a partir del análisis morfológico de puntos homólogos (landmarks) y equidistantes (semilandmarks) en las especies de dicha comunidad. Para este propósito, se utilizaron tres metodologías distintas descritas en la literatura a la hora de definir dichos puntos con el fin de identificar cuál de ellas incluía la máxima cantidad de información morfológica posible sobre las especies. Las tres opciones proporcionaron diferentes resultados en relación a la distribución de las especies dentro del morfoespacio. Los resultados sugirieron que la incorporación de puntos que proporcionen información más específica sobre estructuras anatómicas que tienen papeles importantes en la biología de las especies, como aletas modificadas u órganos sensoriales, contribuye a una diferenciación más clara de las especies y a una mejor interpretación de la ocupación del morfoespacio. Adicionalmente, varios métodos numéricos y gráficos se emplearon con el fin de establecer cómo las especies se distribuyen dentro del morfoespacio. Los resultados demostraron que los métodos de agregación de puntos, incluyendo análisis basados en cuadrantes o distancias, fueron más apropiados para este propósito que los índices de disparidad morfológica. Además, los resultados también confirmaron que aunque los métodos numéricos fueron necesarios para evaluar la significancia estadística de los mismos, los métodos gráficos proporcionaron una interpretación más intuitiva y clara de la distribución de las especies dentro del morfoespacio. La densidad de Kernel y los gráficos de Gabriel se mostraron muy útiles a la hora de deducir la zona del morfoespacio donde las especies estaban más densamente agrupadas, hecho que ayudó a mejorar el conocimiento de la ocupación del espacio y de la complejidad estructural en comunidades de peces.

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Publicado

2016-06-30

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1.
Farré M, Tuset VM, Maynou F, Recasens L, Lombarte A. Selección de puntos homólogos (landmarks) y equidistantes (semilandmarks) en peces para análisis de morfometría geométrica: un estudio comparativo basado en métodos analíticos. Sci. mar. [Internet]. 30 de junio de 2016 [citado 16 de mayo de 2024];80(2):175-86. Disponible en: https://scientiamarina.revistas.csic.es/index.php/scientiamarina/article/view/1630

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