Updated insights into the reproductive biology and somatic condition of Pagellus bellottii (Teleostei: Sparidae) in tropical waters of the Gulf of Guinea (West Africa)

Blanca Partida; Eva García-Isarch; Coulibaly Bakari; Ivone A. Czerwinski; Ernest Ansong; Joanny  Tapé; Julius Afetorgbor; Jorge  Landa

doi:10.3989/scimar.05649.116

Autores/as

Blanca Partida Centro Oceanográfico de Cádiz, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, IEO-CSIC https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2450-3486
Eva García-Isarch Centro Oceanográfico de Cádiz, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, IEO-CSIC https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3027-382X
Coulibaly Bakari Centre de Recherches Océanologiques (CRO) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5179-5689
Ivone A. Czerwinski Centro Oceanográfico de Cádiz, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, IEO-CSIC https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8722-5285
Ernest Ansong Fisheries Commission https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1964-9121
Joanny Tapé Centre de Recherches Océanologiques (CRO) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6479-3113
Julius Afetorgbor Fisheries Commission https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1019-1507
Jorge Landa Centro Oceanográfico de Santander, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, IEO-CSIC https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8794-8918

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.05649.116

Palabras clave:

Pagellus bellottii, relaciones talla-peso, madurez sexual, factor de condición, índice gonadosomático, reproducción, época de puesta, talla de madurez

Resumen

La breca africana Pagellus bellottii es una especie demersal costera de relevancia social y económica en las pesquerías de África Occidental. El incremento de la presión pesquera y la variabilidad ambiental amenazan la sostenibilidad de su explotación, destacando la necesidad de disponer de datos biológicos y reproductivos actualizados que sustenten estrategias de gestión. Este estudio analiza parámetros somáticos y reproductivos de P. bellottii en Costa de Marfil y Ghana a partir de 2745 individuos muestreados mensualmente entre octubre de 2019 y marzo de 2021 (10-32.5 cm TL). Se determinaron la relación talla-peso, el factor de condición (K), la proporción sexual (M:H), el índice gonadosomático (GSI), el periodo reproductivo y la talla de primera madurez de hembras (L₅₀). Los machos predominaron en ambos países (1:0.6 en Costa de Marfil; 1:0.8 en Ghana). La presencia de hembras maduras durante casi todo el año sugiere reproducción continua. Sin embargo, las variaciones mensuales de GSI y de la proporción de hembras maduras revelaron dos picos reproductivos: uno principal entre mayo y agosto/septiembre y otro secundario entre diciembre y febrero, probablemente asociados al afloramiento costero. Se observó un patrón inverso entre K y GSI, reflejando la asignación energética al desarrollo gonadal. La L₅₀ estimada en ambos países fue de 17.8 cm. Estos resultados, idealmente complementados con periodos más prolongados, proporcionan información esencial para la evaluación de stocks y la gestión pesquera basada en criterios científicos.

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