Evaluación de macro, meso y microplásticos en mejillones Perna perna silvestres y cultivados (Mollusca: Bivalvia)

Autores/as

  • Lucas Aguiar Leal Rocha Universidade Federal Fluminense, Programa de Pós Graduação em Biologia Marinha e Ambientes Costeiros, Instituto de Biologia https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5104-4619
  • Helena Antunes Portela
  • Mônica Regina da Costa Marques Calderari Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Química https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6906-8327
  • Fábio Vieira de Araújo Universidade Federal Fluminense, Programa de Pós Graduação em Biologia Marinha e Ambientes Costeiros, Instituto de Biologia - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Formação de Professores https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1931-7302

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.05569.094

Palabras clave:

Mitilicultura, Playa de Itaipú, Playa del Cedro, Basura marina, Hidróxido de sodio, Ambientes costeros, Contaminación de mariscos, Salud humana

Resumen


Los microplásticos han despertado un gran interés dentro de la comunidad científica debido a su impacto medioambiental. En los ecosistemas marinos, estas partículas absorben fácilmente sustancias tóxicas y, debido a su tamaño microscópico, son consumidas por diversos organismos que eventualmente se incorporan a la cadena alimentaria humana. Varios estudios enfatizan esta transferencia involuntaria a los alimentos humanos. Para investigar la contaminación por microplásticos en los mejillones Perna perna vendidos comercialmente, se compraron muestras silvestres (cosechadas del ambiente costero) y criadas en granjas (cultivadas) en los mercados locales de Niterói, RJ, Brasil. Se procesó un kilogramo de cada tipo mediante digestión en una solución de NaOH al 5% y luego se analizó para evaluar la cantidad y los tipos de microplásticos presentes. Tanto los mejillones silvestres como los cultivados contenían películas y fibras microplásticas, con 145 artículos (0,145 artículos g⁻¹) identificados en especímenes silvestres (67% nailon (PA) y 33% polietileno (PE)) y 120 artículos (0,120 artículos g⁻¹) en mejillones de cultivo (100% PA). Los microplásticos variaban en tamaño, desde 0,45 μm hasta 28 mm, siendo los colores más comunes el negro, el azul y el transparente. Estos hallazgos resaltan los riesgos potenciales de consumir estos organismos independientemente de su fuente y la necesidad de realizar más investigaciones sobre los efectos de estos contaminantes en la salud humana.

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Publicado

2025-03-28

Cómo citar

1.
Aguiar Leal Rocha L, Antunes Portela H, Regina da Costa Marques Calderari M, Vieira de Araújo F. Evaluación de macro, meso y microplásticos en mejillones Perna perna silvestres y cultivados (Mollusca: Bivalvia). Sci. mar. [Internet]. 28 de marzo de 2025 [citado 28 de julio de 2026];89(1):e094. Disponible en: https://scientiamarina.revistas.csic.es/index.php/scientiamarina/article/view/5569

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