Psychedelics sea slugs: Observations on colour ontogeny in two nudibranch species from the genus Nembrotha (Doridina: Polyceridae)

Marta Pola; Yara Tibiriçá; Juan Lucas Cervera

doi:10.3989/scimar.05371.072

Autores/as

Marta Pola Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid - Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0518-346X
Yara Tibiriçá Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Italy. Res. Marina Biology Station of Inhaca - Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI·MAR), Universidad de Cádiz https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3955-8186
Juan Lucas Cervera Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI·MAR), Universidad de Cádiz - Instituto Universitario de Investigación Marina (INMAR), Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI•MAR), Universidad de Cádiz https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8337-2867

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.05371.072

Palabras clave:

cambios de color, morfología, Nembrothinae, nudibranquio, ontogenia, taxonomía

Resumen

En las últimas décadas, gracias al uso de la taxonomía integrada, el reconocimiento tradicional de una especie basado en la observación y la variación del patrón de color en los nudibranquios se ha vuelto cada vez más cuestionado, principalmente debido a la presencia de complejos de especies crípticas y pseudocrípticas. Por lo tanto, los individuos con el mismo patrón de color pueden ser genéticamente idénticos, pero los individuos con diferentes patrones de color también pueden ser genéticamente idénticos y, en cambio, esta variación puede representar diferentes etapas de la vida. Pero las cosas pueden complicarse aún más. ¿Qué sucede cuando la misma especie cambia radicalmente su patrón de color a medida que envejece? Aquí presentamos dos ejemplos extraordinarios en especies del género Nembrotha basados en observaciones de laboratorio. Se recolectaron ejemplares de Nembrotha livingstonei Allan, 1933 y Nembrotha yonowae Goethel and Debelius, 1992 en Mozambique y se mantuvieron en cautiverio mientras fue posible alimentarlos. Los resultados mostraron que los patrones de color en ambas especies cambiaron con el tiempo y que este cambio estaba relacionado con la dieta. Además, el análisis de delimitación de especies y la comparación de las distancias por pares no corregidas de COI de ejemplares examinados de Mozambique y otros descargados de GenBank confirmaron que N. yonowae Goether y Debelius, 1992 es un sinónimo menor de N. cristata Bergh, 1877. Estudios similares con observaciones de laboratorio son necesarios en otras especies del género, ya que se describieron en función de una coloración diferente, pero la taxonomía integrada puede mostrar resultados diferentes.

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