Ostreopsis cf. ovata y Ostreopsis lenticularis (Dinophyceae: Gonyaulacales) en la Reserva Marina de Galápagos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.05035.08APalabras clave:
dinoflagelados, proliferación de algas nocivas, filogenia, Ostreopsis cf. ovata, Ostreopsis lenticularis, MEB, taxonomía, toxicidadResumen
El género de los dinoflagelados bentónicos Ostreopsis es de particular interés, porque algunas especies afectan negativamente a la salud humana y a los ecosistemas marinos costeros. Las poblaciones de Ostreopsis en áreas remotas, como la Reserva Marina de Galápagos con su biodiversidad única, pueden proporcionar datos significativos a su estudio. Se recolectaron muestras de dinoflagelados epibentónicos de dos islas (Santa Cruz y Santa Fé) en 2017. Se encontraron especies de los géneros Gambierdiscus, Amphidinium, Coolia y Ostreopsis. Las cepas de Ostreopsis se aislaron para caracterizar su morfología, biología molecular y toxicidad. Se distinguieron tres morfotipos diferentes de Ostreopsis basados en tamaño (n=369). El morfotipo de células pequeñas fue dominante en diez muestras, con abundancias de hasta 33405 células g–1 de peso fresco de macroalgas. Se aisló un total de 16 cepas y se secuenciaron las regiones de rDNA, 5.8S y ITS para el estudio filogenético. Trece cepas pertenecieron al morfotipo de células pequeñas agrupadas en el clado O. cf. ovata Atlántico/Índio/Pacífico y tres cepas al morfotipo de células grandes agrupadas en el clado Ostreopsis lenticularis. Ninguna de las cepas aisladas resultó ser tóxica. La presencia de estos géneros/especies representa una amenaza potencial para los ecosistemas marinos, por lo que es importante tener en cuenta las especies bentónicas en la vigilancia de la proliferación de algas nocivas en la reserva.
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