Seabed litter distribution in the high seas of the Flemish Pass area (NW Atlantic)

Ana García-Alegre; Esther Román-Marcote; Jesús Gago; Gonzalo González-Nuevo; Mar Sacau; Pablo Durán Muñoz

doi:10.3989/scimar.04945.27A

Autores/as

Ana García-Alegre Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1541-4938
Esther Román-Marcote Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2524-4346
Jesús Gago Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0188-9844
Gonzalo González-Nuevo Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7578-0756
Mar Sacau Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6529-3110
Pablo Durán Muñoz Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9618-4224

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04945.27A

Palabras clave:

basura marina, basura en los fondos marinos, pesca, Flemish Pass, Atlántico Noroeste

Resumen

La basura en los fondos marinos del área de Flemish Pass (Océano Atlántico Noroeste) ha sido analizada y descrita utilizando datos de las campañas demersales de EU-España (período 2006-2017). Este estudio presenta información de referencia sobre la basura en los fondos marinos de esta área. Flemish Pass está localizado en áreas más allá de las jurisdicciones nacionales dentro del Área Reguladora de la Organización para las Pesquerías del Atlántico Noroccidental División 3L. Se han analizado un total de 1169 lances de arrastre de fondo válidos (104-1478 m de profundidad). Se ha encontrado basura en el 8.3% de los lances con densidades medias de 1.4±0.2 ítems km^–2 y 10.6±5.2 kg km^–2. Se ha hallado un patrón de aumento con la profundidad, identificándose densidades mayores de basura marina en las áreas más profundas ubicadas en el canal Flemish Pass y en el flanco noreste del Gran Banco. Se ha descubierto que la pesca es la principal fuente de basura marina, el 61.9% de los lances con presencia de basura mostraron desechos incluidos en la categoría de basura relacionada con la actividad pesquera. Mientras que en la mayoría de los casos la basura estaba compuesta por pequeños fragmentos de cabo, en otros casos estaba compuesta por aparejos como nasas. Posteriormente, los plásticos, el metal y otros desechos antropogénicos fueron las categorías más abundantes, con 18.6%, 16.5% y 12.4%, respectivamente.

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