Variabilidad espacio-temporal de los patrones de distribución de las especies de rape en el Mediterráneo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04966.11APalabras clave:
Lophius budegassa, Lophius piscatorius, modelado de la distribución de especies, mar MediterráneoResumen
En este trabajo se ha analizado la distribución de las dos especies de rape (Lophius budegassa y Lophius piscatorius) presentes en el Mediterráneo a partir de los datos de campaña del Proyecto MEDITs de España, Francia, Italia y Grecia desde el año 2006 al 2015, aplicando una aproximación del modelo Delta con árboles de regresión aumentada con autocovarianza en los residuos. Se consideraron como posibles predictores la temperatura y salinidad del agua del fondo, la batimetría, la pendiente del fondo y la distancia a la costa. Los resultados muestran que localidades con mayores presencias, abundancias y biomasas del rape negro (Lophius budegassa) son aquéllas con un rango de profundidad entre 150 y 300 mm, con un rango de temperaturas del agua en el fondo (SBT) entre 17.5 y 18.5°C, y una salinidad del agua del fondo (SBS) entre 37-38 PSU. De igual manera el rape blanco (Lophius piscatorius) muestra la probabilidad más alta de presencia, abundancia y biomasa en localidades con profundidades comprendidas entre 200-400 m, una SBT entre 17.5-18.5°C y 36.5-37.5 PSU de SBS. Nuetros resultados identifican como hábitats preferenciales de los rapes el mar Egeo, el Golfo de Lion, el sur y sureste de España y el noroeste del mar Jónico. En términos generales estos hallazgos proporcionan una información que mejora nuestra comprensión sobre las diferencias espacio-temporales de la distribución de las dos especies de rape, proporcionando una información muy útil que puede ayudar en la gestión de su pesquería y conservación.
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