Predation and anthropogenic impact on community structure of boulder beaches

Marcela Aldana; Diego Maturana; José Pulgar; M. Roberto García-Huidobro

doi:10.3989/scimar.04444.27A

Autores/as

Marcela Aldana Centro de Investigación e Innovación para el Cambio Climático (CiiCC), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomás
Diego Maturana Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Andrés Bello
José Pulgar
M. Roberto García-Huidobro Centro de Investigación e Innovación para el Cambio Climático (CiiCC), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomás

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04444.27A

Palabras clave:

Área de Manejo y Exclusión de Recursos Bentónicos, zona intermareal, playas de bolones, estructura comunitaria, trama trófica

Resumen

El impacto depredador sobre la estructura comunitaria intermareal ha sido estudiado para plataformas rocosas, pero no ha sido abordado en campos de bolones intermareales, un hábitat de mayor extensión y heterogeneidad. Considerando que las perturbaciones son una fuerza importante en determinar la diversidad del hábitat intermareal, los objetivos de este trabajo fueron describir y cuantificar la estructura comunitaria de campos de bolones, y evaluar la dinámica comunitaria de este hábitat proponiendo posibles tramas tróficas; considerando el impacto de depredadores y antropogénico. Estos objetivos se lograron mediante la instalación de jaulas de exclusión de depredadores equipadas con rocas, que fueron monitoreadas mensualmente durante un año en dos zonas de estudio, un Área de Manejo y Exclusión de Recursos Bentónicos (AMERB, Playa Chica) y un área de acceso abierto (AAA, Playa Grande). Para ambas zonas de estudio, los juveniles fueron el estado ontogenético dominante, y la riqueza y densidad de invertebrados fueron mayores dentro de las jaulas de exclusión. Además, el AMERB tuvo un impacto diferenciado sobre la estructura y dinámica comunitaria comparado al AAA. En conclusión, el rol que cumplen los campos de bolones en la diversidad intermareal, especialmente en el reclutamiento y área de crianza, son importantes y debiesen ser considerados en los planes de manejo.

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