La adaptación de los arrecifes de coral al cambio climático: ¿está siendo superada la Reina Roja?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.03660.29APalabras clave:
cambio climático, arrecifes de coral, estrés térmico, calentamiento, acidificación oceánica, adaptación, cambio de la comunidad, migración, Reina RojaResumen
Los arrecifes de coral poseen un enorme valor en términos de biodiversidad y de los servicios ecosistémicos que proporcionan a cientos de millones de personas en todo el mundo. Estos importantes ecosistemas se enfrentan a una presión cada vez mayor por parte del cambio climático, en particular del calentamiento y la acidificación de los océanos. Una pregunta de gran trascendencia es si los corales arrecifales y los ecosistemas que ellos albergan serán capaces de aclimatarse, adaptarse o migrar, en respuesta al rápido cambio climático antropogénico. Este tema se analiza en el contexto del cambio medioambiental actual, en gran medida sin precedentes en su rapidez y alcance y que está superando la capacidad de los ecosistemas de los de arrecifes de coral para preservar su contribución al bienestar humano a través de procesos evolutivos y ecológicos. En base a las evidencias existentes, la ‘Reina Roja’ (una analogía utilizada en biología evolutiva) se está quedando atrás, “mordiendo el polvo”, a través de unos procesos evolutivos que son incapaces de mantener el statu quo de los ecosistemas de los arrecifes de coral ante la actual rapidez del cambio climático antropogénico.
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