Rearing larvae of dusky grouper, <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834), (Pisces: Serranidae) in a semi-extensive mesocosm

Maria Emília Cunha; Hugo Quental; Ana Barradas; Pedro Pousão-Ferreira; Elsa Cabrita; Sofia Engrola

doi:10.3989/scimar.2009.73s1201

Autores/as

Maria Emília Cunha INRB, I.P. / IPIMAR, Estação Piloto de Piscicultura de Olhão
Hugo Quental INRB, I.P. / IPIMAR, Estação Piloto de Piscicultura de Olhão
Ana Barradas INRB, I.P. / IPIMAR, Estação Piloto de Piscicultura de Olhão
Pedro Pousão-Ferreira INRB, I.P. / IPIMAR, Estação Piloto de Piscicultura de Olhão
Elsa Cabrita CCMar, Universidade do Algarve
Sofia Engrola CCMar, Universidade do Algarve

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2009.73s1201

Palabras clave:

cría larvaria, Epinephelus marginatus, mero, requerimientos alimenticios, mesocosmos

Resumen

Uno de los principales obstáculos para la propagación del mero, Epinephelus marginatus, ha sido la dificultad de la cría larvaria. Hemos conseguido la cría exitosa de larvas de mero en un mesocosmos utilizando una dieta mixta de plancton endógeno, desarrollado en el tanque de cría con suministro externo de Brachionus plicatilis y Artemia sp. Las larvas recién eclosionadas, con una densidad inicial de 1.3 ind.l^-1 se colocaron en tanques circulares de 3 m³, al aire libre y parcialmente a la sombra, durante los veranos de 2007 y 2008. Antes de la introducción de las larvas recién eclosionadas, el agua se dejó durante seis días para promover el crecimiento del plancton. El crecimiento larvario se produjo a dos tasas distintas: i) más alta desde el inicio de la alimentación a la metamorfosis y ii) más baja durante la transformación. La supervivencia al inicio de la metamorfosis fue inferior al 10% (33 DPH) en 2007 y entre el 25 y el 50% (25 DPH) en 2008. Se observó una alta mortalidad de las larvas durante la transformación. La estimación del requerimiento alimenticio mínimo de las larvas de mero aumentó más del 300% desde el comienzo de la flexión de la notocorda hasta el inicio de la metamorfosis. Para satisfacer tan altos requerimientos alimenticios el número de grandes presas/copépodos en el mesocosmos debería ser de ocho veces durante este período de tiempo.

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