Enhancing onboard post-catch vitality of discard Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) for more sustainable Mediterranean trawl fishery

Alfredo  García-de-Vinuesa; Francesc  Maynou; Montserrat  Demestre

doi:10.3989/scimar.05279.042

Autores/as

Alfredo García-de-Vinuesa Instituto de Ciencias del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6645-6217
Francesc Maynou Instituto de Ciencias del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7200-6485
Montserrat Demestre Instituto de Ciencias del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2866-4821

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.05279.042

Palabras clave:

Nephrops norvegicus, descartes, vitalidad, pesca de arrastre mediterránea

Resumen

La política pesquera actual de la Unión Europea fomenta la mejora de las prácticas de manipulación de los descartes para aumentar su supervivencia. La pesca de arrastre en el talud superior del Mediterráneo, suele generar más del 30 % de los descartes de la captura total. Entre otras especies, los juveniles de Nephrops norvegicus son devueltos en gran abundancia al mar, a veces llegando a superar el 40% de la biomasa descartada. Recientemente se ha demostrado que la probabilidad de supervivencia al descarte de N. norvegicus está relacionada con la vitalidad a bordo y varía estacionalmente, siendo especialmente baja durante el verano (0,06). En este contexto, probamos y proponemos nuevas metodologías de manipulación de los descartes para una pesquería de arrastre mixta en el Mediterráneo, con N. norvegicus como especie objetivo, ya que las características ambientales (especialmente, la alta temperatura en cubierta en verano) hacen necesario mejorar la vitalidad a bordo de los descartes, para aumentar su supervivencia. Los resultados mostraron una tasa de supervivencia a bordo superior a 0,8 debido a las mejoras en el estado de vitalidad al sumergir N. norvegicus en agua de mar enfriada, durante la selección de capturas y el tiempo de descarte. La implementación de esta metodología, que mejora la vitalidad a bordo, es relevante para conseguir pesquerías de arrastre más sostenibles en el Mediterráneo.

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Citas

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