To be or not to be? What molecules say about <em>Runcina brenkoae</em> Thompson, 1980 (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia: Runcinida)

Ana Karla Araujo; Marta Pola; Manuel Antonio E. Malaquias; Juan Lucas Cervera

doi:10.3989/scimar.04907.07A

Autores/as

Ana Karla Araujo Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), Universidad de Cádiz https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5305-6700
Marta Pola Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0518-346X
Manuel Antonio E. Malaquias Section of Taxonomy and Evolution, Department of Natural History, University Museum of Bergen https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9668-945X
Juan Lucas Cervera Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), Universidad de Cádiz - Instituto Universitario de Investigación Marina (INMAR), Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), Universidad de Cádiz https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8337-2867

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04907.07A

Palabras clave:

Runcinida, DNA barcoding, delimitación de especies, taxonomía integrativa, biodiversidad, filogenia

Resumen

Los runcináceos son pequeñas babosas marinas poco conocidas que habitan en costas rocosas intermareales y submareales poco profundas. Entre las especies europeas, Runcina brenkoae descrita originalmente en el mar Adriático en el Mediterráneo, se describió mostrando una variabilidad cromática que cuestionaba la verdadera identidad de la especie y su distribución geográfica. En este artículo, investigamos el estatus taxonómico de R. brenkoae a partir de especímenes del mar Mediterráneo central y occidental, y del sur de las costas Ibéricas de Portugal y España, siguiendo un enfoque integrador que combina una filogenia molecular multi-locus basada en los marcadores mitocondriales citocromo c oxidasa subunidad I y 16S rRNA, y el gen nuclear histona H3, junto con el estudio de los caracteres morfoanatómicos estudiados mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido. Para ayudar en el proceso de delimitaciones de especies, se emplearon los métodos “Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery” y el “Bayesian Poisson Tree Processes”. Nuestros resultados ponen de manifiesto la existencia de un complejo de tres especies previamente identificadas como R. brenkoae, a saber, dos nuevas especies aquí descritas (R. marcosi n. sp. y R. lusitanica n. sp.) y R. brenkoae propiamente dicha.

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