Comparative study of skipjack tuna <em>Katsuwonus pelamis</em> (Scombridae) fishery stocks from the South Atlantic and western Indian oceans

Lol I. Dahlet; Nicola Downey-Breedt; Gabriel Arce; Warwick H.H. Sauer; Maria A. Gasalla

doi:10.3989/scimar.04804.22C

Autores/as

Lol I. Dahlet Fisheries Ecosystems Laboratory (LabPesq), Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo - Graduate Programme in Sustainable Fisheries Management, University of Alicante https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1743-852X
Nicola Downey-Breedt Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science, Rhodes University https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6152-9424
Gabriel Arce Fisheries Ecosystems Laboratory (LabPesq), Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6514-3163
Warwick H.H. Sauer Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science, Rhodes University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9756-1757
Maria A. Gasalla Fisheries Ecosystems Laboratory (LabPesq), Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo - Institute of Advanced Studies (IEA), University of São Paulo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1506-7040

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04804.22C

Palabras clave:

pesca oceánica, océanos inter-regionales, ENSO, teleconexiones, ORPs, listado

Resumen

El listado, Katsuwonus pelamis, habita los océanos tropicales y subtropicales del mundo, y contribuye substancialmente a la captura total de la flota atunera. Sus poblaciones son afectadas por la presión pesquera e influencia antrópica, impactando en el rendimiento económico e inversiones. El presente estudio analiza y compara series temporales de captura y captura por unidad de esfuerzo (CPUE) de las pesquerías de línea de mano y caña de Brasil, Sudáfrica y Maldivas. Se han realizado análisis regionales e inter-regionales para el periodo 1970-2014 a fin de investigar potenciales asociaciones entre estas pesquerías, condiciones climáticas y el fenómeno de la Oscilación del Sur - El Niño (ENSO), habiéndose empleado tests de correlación y herramientas de mapeo. Entre 2004 y 2011, las capturas sudafricanas de bonito listado correlacionan positivamente con las brasileñas, y negativamente con las maldivas. Las CPUEs de las pesquerías de Brasil y Maldivas demostraron una correlación positiva para el periodo 1982-1993. Las capturas anuales para todas las regiones resultaron fuertemente relacionadas con el Índice de Oscilación del Norte (NOI) (p < 0.001), un índice de ENSO. Este estudio refleja un esfuerzo para articular una evaluación de la pesquería de línea y caña del listado en el contexto de un clima cambiante, frente a lo cual las economías emergentes son las más vulnerables. Al poner en evidencia pautas de influencias comunes a estas pesquerías, se espera fomentar la cooperación internacional Sur-Sur para un manejo y comprensión de las dinámicas del recurso.

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