Exploración de los efectos de los descartes mediante el modelo ecosistémico Atlantis para aguas islandesas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04736.09APalabras clave:
aguas islandesas, descartes, selectividad, modelo ecosistémico, Atlantis, bacalao, eglefinoResumen
Los descartes han sido parte de la pesca durante siglos, pero es muy difícil evaluar las cantidades descartadas, especialmente en áreas donde constituye una actividad ilegal. En este estudio se investigan los efectos ecológicos y económicos del descarte mediante el uso del modelo Atlantis para aguas islandesas. Se comparan cinco escenarios con distintas tasas de descarte y selectividad. Los resultados muestran que el cese de los descartes de las especies de peces de mayor importancia comercial (bacalao y eglefino) y su descarga en tierra tiene impactos ecológicos y económicos menores. Una mejora de la selectividad que impidiera la captura de la fracción descartada tendría importantes beneficios económicos. El aumento de la biomasa conduciría a una mayor producción comercial y en consecuencia a unos mayores ingresos. Así mismo, los costes disminuirían con niveles de biomasa superiores, amplificando el beneficio económico producido por la pesca. En ninguno de los cinco escenarios se aprecian grandes efectos ecológicos, pero en este estudio solamente se consideran el bacalao y el eglefino, que tienen tasas de descarte relativamente bajas.
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