Hábitos alimentarios y superposición de la dieta durante el desarrollo larval de dos blanquillos (Pisces: Pinguipedidae)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04544.06APalabras clave:
Prolatilus jugularis, Pinguipes chilensis, blanquillo, alimentación, partición de recursos, ChileResumen
Existen dos especies de blanquillo (Pinguipedidae: Perciformes), Prolatilus jugularis y Pinguipes chilensis que habitan las aguas costeras del Pacífico Sur. Ambas especies tienen larvas pelágicas con morfología similar, pero se desconocen sus preferencias de la dieta. Se describen la composición de la dieta, amplitud del nicho trófico y superposición trófica durante los estados larvales de ambas especies. En primavera, las larvas de P. jugularis (3.83-10.80 mm LE) y P. chilensis (3.49-7.71 mm LE) durante su primer mes de vida tienen alta incidencia alimentaria ( > 70%) y se alimentan principalmente de nauplii de copépodos ( > 80%IRI), metanauplii de Rhincalanus nasutus y copepoditos de Paracalanus indicus. El número de presas ingeridas fue bajo (media: 4-5 presas por estómago) e independiente del tamaño larval; el volumen total de presas y el ancho máximo de las presas se incrementó a medida que crecían las larvas de ambas especies. El largo de la mandíbula y el tamaño de las presas fue más grande en larvas de P. jugularis comparado con las de P. chilensis. Esto generó diferencias significativas en la composición de las presas entre especies, en términos de número y volumen de las presas ingeridas. La amplitud del nicho trófico de Pearre fue bajo para ambas especies (0.159±0.07 para P. jugularis; 0.156±0.03 para P. chilensis) e independiente del tamaño larval. La superposición dietética fue alta inter e intra-especies en aquellas larvas con apertura bucal < 900 μm. Estos resultados sugieren la importancia relativa de ambas especies como consumidores primarios de la trama pelágica en ambientes costeros con arrecifes rocosos.
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