Eficiencia bioeconómica espaciotemporal de refugios artificiales de una pesquería de langostas del Caribe (Panulirus argus) de pequeña escala, gestionada mediante derechos territoriales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04492.08APalabras clave:
langosta, refugios artificiales, cuasi-utilidades, gestión pesquera basada en derechos, terrenos de pesca individuales transferibles, pesca artesanalResumen
Se presenta un análisis bioeconómico espacial sobre la eficiencia de refugios artificiales de una pesquería dirigida a una meta-población de langosta, gestionada mediante derechos de propiedad territorial exclusivos para instalar refugios artificiales y captura de langosta. También se proporciona información sobre las decisiones a corto plazo y las estrategias de los pescadores. Se comparó la eficiencia bioeconómica espacio-temporal de los refugios localizados en diez áreas de pesca durante cuatro temporadas mediante ANOVA de dos vías y correlación de Pearson. Los resultados muestran que hubo heterogeneidad espaciotemporal de las variables bioeconómicas entre las zonas de pesca, con una CPUE media de 0.42 kg por viaje a 1.3 kg por viaje; las cuasi-utilidades medias de los costos variables por refugio explotado oscilaron entre 6.00 y 19.57 USD por refugio, y las cuasi-utilidades medias de los costos variables por marea de 338 a 1069 USD por viaje. Se encontraron correlaciones positivas moderadas entre la densidad de refugios y la CPUE (kg refugio–1 km–2). La eficiencia bioeconómica de los refugios fue explicada por la abundancia y la distribución espaciotemporal de los recursos, la ubicación de la zona de pesca en relación con el puerto, la densidad de refugios, las estrategias de pesca mixtas y el sistema de gestión. Los resultados proporcionan información empírica sobre la eficiencia espaciotemporal de los refugios artificiales y las estrategias de pesca y pueden contribuir a la gestión pesquera a escala local de una meta-población distribuida por todo el mar Caribe y Golfo de México.
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