Bioaccumulation and biochemical responses in mussels exposed to the water-accommodated fraction of the <i>Prestige</i> fuel oil

Montserrat Solé; Astrid Buet; Laura Ortiz; Francesc Maynou; Josep Maria Bayona; Joan Albaigés

doi:10.3989/scimar.2007.71n2373

Autores/as

Montserrat Solé Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM-CSIC), Barcelona
Astrid Buet Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM-CSIC), Barcelona
Laura Ortiz Environmental Chemistry Department (IIQAB-CSIC), Barcelona
Francesc Maynou Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM-CSIC), Barcelona
Josep Maria Bayona Environmental Chemistry Department (IIQAB-CSIC), Barcelona
Joan Albaigés Environmental Chemistry Department (IIQAB-CSIC), Barcelona

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2007.71n2373

Palabras clave:

vertido de crudo del Prestige, Mytilus galloprovincialis, Tetraselmis sp., fracción acomodada en agua, biomarcadores

Resumen

La actividad enzimática de las defensas antioxidantes: catalasa (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6), glutatión peroxidasa (t-GPX, EC 1.11.1.9), glutatión reductasa (GR, EC 1.6.4.2), el enzima de fase II glutatión S-transferasa (GST, EC 2.5.1.18) y la actividad citocromo c reductasa NADPH-dependiente (CYP) (EC 1.6.2.4), NADH-dependiente (EC 1.6.2.2) y la ferricianida reductasa NADH-dependiente (b5) (EC 1.18.1.1) se determinaron en la glándula digestiva de mejillón Mytilus galloprovincialis alimentado con algas (Tetraselmis sp.) pre-expuestas a la fracción acomodada del agua de crudo del Prestige. En branquias de mejillón se midió la actividad acetilcolinesterasa (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) como indicador de neurotoxicidad y la peroxidacion lipídica (LP) como indicador de daño por estrés oxidativo. La bioacumulación en mejillones de determinados hidrocarburos aromáticos policíclicos (PAHs de 2 a 6 anillos) después de 2, 4, 7 y 10 días de exposición, no mostró ninguna tendencia significativa, siendo los PAHs de 2-3 anillos los mejor representados (51%). En los mejillones expuestos sólo se observó una bioacumulación significativa (p<0.05) en PAHs alquilados de 2-3 anillos. Las respuestas antioxidantes (CAT, t-GPX y GR) incrementaron de manera significativa con el tiempo, independientemente de la exposición, mientras que las reductasas NADH-dependientes y la LP se vieron afectadas por la exposición pero no por el tiempo de exposición. Sin embargo, debido a la baja solubilidad del crudo del Prestige, los niveles de PAHs alcanzados en los mejillones expuestos, no fueron lo suficientemente altos como para originar una respuesta bioquímica asociada clara.

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Citas

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