Spatiotemporal patterns of catch and discards of the Israeli Mediterranean trawl fishery in the early 1990s: ecological and conservation perspectives

Dor Edelist; Oren Sonin; Daniel Golani; Gil Rilov; Ehud Spanier

doi:10.3989/scimar.2011.75n4641

Autores/as

Dor Edelist Department of Maritime Civilizations and The Leon Recanati Institute for Maritime Studies, The Leon H. Charney School for Marine Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa
Oren Sonin Department of Maritime Civilizations and The Leon Recanati Institute for Maritime Studies, The Leon H. Charney School for Marine Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa - Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
Daniel Golani Department of Evolution, Systematics and Ecology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Gil Rilov Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research
Ehud Spanier Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2011.75n4641

Palabras clave:

arrastre de fondo, Israel, descartes, composición de la captura, migración lessepsiana, gestión de pesquerías

Resumen

Se analizaron los patrones espacio-temporales de los descartes y la composición de la captura de la flota de arrastre de Israel utilizando datos de 4 años (1990-1994), 324 caladas. La profundidad resultó ser el principal factor en la agrupación de las caladas, si bien se encontraron asimismo diferencias significativas entre estaciones. Se descartó el 28.3% de la captura total, alcanzándose el 40.1% en las caladas realizadas en las aguas más someras. Según estos porcentajes, se estimó una captura anual descartada por la flota de Israel en ese período de 440-700 t. La biomasa, el número de ejemplares descartados, así como el porcentaje de juveniles de especies comerciales fue mayor en verano. Estos resultados sugieren que una veda de arrastre en verano favorecería la disminución de la captura descartada. El porcentaje de ejemplares de origen indo-pacífico descendió desde 51% en aguas de una profundidad inferior a 37 m, al 24% entre 38-73 m y al 8% en el estrato más profundo. Los descartes en la costa israelí fueron similares a los observados en otras zonas del Mediterráneo. Se presentan por primera vez resultados cuantitativos relativos a comunidades de las aguas costeras del extremo oriental del Mediterráneo, aportándose información para su comparación con datos más recientes que en la actualidad están siendo obtenidos.

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Citas

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