Long-term effects of fishing on physiological performance of the Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) in the Lagoon of Venice
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2011.75n1103Keywords:
Ruditapes philippinarum, Lagoon of Venice, physiological responses, scope for growth, fishing impact, clam cultureAbstract
The Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) is an important economic resource for fisheries in the Lagoon of Venice, where this species is fished and farmed. With the aim of evaluating possible fishing-induced long-term effects undergone by clam populations subjected to fishing efforts, physiological biomarkers were measured at organism level (clearance and respiration rates, scope for growth and survival-in-air test). Clams were collected on a seasonal basis from sites characterized by various fishing management practices: a free fishing area at S. Angelo and an area licensed for clam farming at Chioggia, where a non-fishing sub-area was established. R. philippinarum collected at S. Angelo generally showed reduced filtering activity and higher oxygen consumption, revealing general worsening in clam well-being in comparison with individuals from both Chioggia areas. This condition, resulting in lower standardized scope for growth values, may be explained by both environmental and fishing effort differences. Comparing Chioggia samples, better physiological performances were exhibited by clams from the non-fishing area, though no significant differences were observed. In winter, the survival-in-air test revealed the detrimental effects of fishing on clams, whereas in the other seasons this response generally seemed to be mostly related to other exogenous and endogenous factors. Although differences among sites and seasons were always statistically significant, all physiological parameters indicate the great tolerance of R. philippinarum to changing environmental conditions.
Downloads
References
Apitz, S.E., A. Barbanti, A.G. Bernstein, M. Bocci, E. Delaney and L. Montobbio. – 2007. The assessment of sediment screening risk in Venice lagoon and other coastal areas using international sediment quality guidelines. J. Soils Sed., 7: 326-341. doi:10.1065/jss2007.08.246
Bellucci, L.G., M. Frignani, D. Paolucci and M. Ravanelli. – 2002. Distribution of heavy metals in sediments of the Venice Lagoon: the role of the industrial area. Sci. Total Environ., 295: 35-49. doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(02)00040-2
Bernardello, M., T. Secco, F. Pellizzato, M. Chinellato, A. Sfriso and B. Pavoni. – 2006. The changing of contamination in the Lagoon of Venice. Part 2: Heavy metals. Chemosphere, 64: 1334-1345. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.12.033 PMid:16469357
Chicharo, M.A. and L. Chicharo. – 2008. RNA:DNA ratio and other nucleic acid derived indices in marine ecology. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 9: 1453-1471. doi:10.3390/ijms9081453 PMid:19325815 PMCid:2635731
Chícharo, M.A., A. Amaral, S. Condinho, F. Alves, J. Regala, M. Gaspar and L. Chícharo. – 2003. Adenylic-derived indices and reburying time as indicators of the effects of dredging induced stress on the clam Spisula solida. Mar. Biol., 142: 1113-1117
Conover, R.J. – 1966 Assimilation of organic matter by zooplankton. Limnol. Oceanogr., 11: 338-354. doi:10.4319/lo.1966.11.3.0338
Da Ros, L., N. Nesto, C. Nasci, V. Moschino, D. Pampanin and M.G. Marin. – 2003. Biochemical and behavioural effects of hydraulic dredging on the target species Chamelea gallina. Fish. Res., 64: 71-78.
Eertman, R.H.M., A.J. Wagenvoort, H. Hummel and A.C. Smaal. – 1993. “Survival in air” of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis L. as a sensitive response to pollution-induced environmental stress. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 170: 179-195. doi:10.1016/0022-0981(93)90151-D
Frignani, M., L.G. Bellucci, M. Favotto and S. Albertazzi. – 2005. Pollution historical trends as recorded by sediments in selected sites of the Venice Lagoon. Environ. Int., 31: 1011-1022. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2005.05.011 PMid:15982739
Gaspar, M.B. and L. Chicharo. – 2007. Modifying dredges to reduce by-catch and impacts on the benthos. In: S.J. Kennelly (ed.), By-catch reduction in the world’s fisheries, pp. 95-140. Springer.
Gaspar, M.B., F. Leitão, M.N. Santos, M. Sobral, L. Chícharo, A. Chícharo and C.C. Monteiro. – 2003. Size selectivity of the Spisula solida dredge in relation to tooth spacing and mesh size. Fish. Res., 60: 561-568. doi:10.1016/S0165-7836(02)00140-6
Gaspar, M.B., S. Carvalho, R. Constantino, J. Tata-Regala, J. Cúrdia and C.C. Monteiro. – 2009. Can we infer dredge fishing effort based on macrobenthic community structure? ICES J. Mar. Sci., 66: 2121-2132. doi:10.1093/icesjms/fsp202
Gehan, E.A. – 1965. A generalized Wilcoxon test for comparing arbitrarily singly censored samples. Biometrika, 52: 203-223. PMid:14341275
Gnaiger, E. – 1983. Heat dissipation and energetic efficiency in animal anoxibiosis: economy contra power. J. Exp. Zool., 228: 471-490. doi:10.1002/jez.1402280308
Gosling, E. – 2003. Bivalve molluscs: Biology, Ecology and Culture. Fishing News Books, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford.
Hauton, C., J.M. Hall-Spencer and P.G. Moore. – 2003. An experimental study of the ecological impacts of hydraulic bivalve dredging on maerl. ICES J. Mar. Sci., 60: 381-392. doi:10.1016/S1054-3139(03)00015-8
Kaplan, E.L. and P. Meier. – 1958. Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. J. Am. Stat. Assoc., 53: 457-481. doi:10.2307/2281868
Kraan, C., T. Piersma, A. Dekinga, A. Koolhaas and J. van der Meer. – 2007. Dredging for edible cockles (Cerastoderma edule) on intertidal flats: short-term consequences of fisher patch-choice decisions for target and non-target benthic fauna. ICES J. Mar. Sci., 64: 1735-1742. doi:10.1093/icesjms/fsm153
Labarta, U., M.J. Fernandez-Reiriz and J.M.F. Babarro. – 1997. Differences in physiological energetics between intertidal and raft cultivated mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 152: 167-173. doi:10.3354/meps152167
Leitão, F., M.B. Gaspar, M.N. Santos and C.C. Monteiro. – 2009. A comparison of bycatch and discard mortality in three types of dredge used in the Portuguese Spisula solida (solid surf clam) fishery. Aquat. Living Resour., 22: 1-10. doi:10.1051/alr/2009001
Marin, M.G., N. Nesto and L. Da Ros. – 2001. Evaluation of biological stress indices in Tapes philippinarum from the Lagoon of Venice, through monitoring of natural populations and transplantation experiments. In: Faranda, F.M., L. Guglielmo and G. Spezie (eds.), Structures and Processes in the Mediterranean Ecosystem, pp. 91-94. Springer-Verlag, Italia, Milan.
Marin, M.G., V. Moschino, M. Deppieri and L. Lucchetta. – 2003. Variations in gross biochemical composition, energy value and condition index of Tapes philippinarum from the Lagoon of Venice. Aquaculture, 219: 859-871. doi:10.1016/S0044-8486(03)00035-8
Marin, M.G., V. Moschino, F. Meneghetti and L. Da Ros. – 2005. Effects of mechanical stress in under-sized clams, Tapes philippinarum: a laboratory approach. Aquacult. Int., 13: 75-88. doi:10.1007/s10499-004-9029-z
Matozzo, V., L. Da Ros, L. Ballarin, F. Meneghetti and M.G. Marin. – 2003. Functional responses of haemocytes in the clam Tapes philippinarum from the Lagoon of Venice: fishing impact and seasonal variations. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 60: 949-958. doi:10.1139/f03-084
Morello, E.B., C. Froglia, R.J.A. Atkinson and P.G. Moore. – 2005. Hydraulic dredge discards of the clam (Chamelea gallina) fishery in the western Adriatic Sea, Italy. Fish. Res., 76: 430-444. doi:10.1016/j.fishres.2005.07.002
Moschino, V. and M.G. Marin. – 2006. Seasonal changes in physiological responses and evaluation of “well-being” in the Venus clam Chamelea gallina from the Northern Adriatic Sea. Comp. Biochem. Phys., 145: 433-440. doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2006.07.021
Moschino, V., L.M.Z. Chicharo and M.G. Marin. – 2008. Effects of hydraulic dredging on the physiological responses of the target species Chamelea gallina (Mollusca: Bivalvia): laboratory experiments and field surveys. Sci. Mar., 72: 493-501.
Pellizzato, M. and L. Da Ros. – 2005. Clam farming quality as a management tool: a proposal based on recent studies in Northern Adriatic lagoons. Aquacult. Int., 13: 57-66. doi:10.1007/s10499-004-9030-6
Pranovi, F. and O. Giovanardi. – 1994. The impact of hydraulic dredging for short-necked clams, Tapes spp., on an infaunal community in the Lagoon of Venice. Sci. Mar., 58: 345-353.
Pranovi, F., O. Giovanardi and G. Franceschini. – 1998. Recolonization dynamics in areas disturbed by bottom fishing gears. Hydrobiologia, 375/376: 125-135. doi:10.1023/A:1017056905625
Pranovi, F., S. Raicevich, G. Franceschini, P. Torricelli and O. Giovanardi. – 2001. Discard analysis and damage to non-target species in the “rapido” trawl fishery. Mar. Biol., 139: 863-875.
Pranovi, F., S. Libralato, S. Raicevich, A. Granzotto, R. Pastres and O. Giovanardi. – 2003. Mechanical clam dredging in Venice lagoon: ecosystem effects evaluated with a trophic mass-balance model. Mar. Biol., 143: 393-403. doi:10.1007/s00227-003-1072-1
Secco, T., F. Pellizzato, M. Chinellato, A. Sfriso and B. Pavoni. – 2005. The changing of contamination in the Lagoon of Venice. Part 1: organic pollutants. Chemosphere, 58: 276-290. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.06.030 PMid:15581931
Smaal, A.C. and J. Widdows. – 1994. The Scope for Growth in bivalves as an integrated response parameter in biological monitoring. In: K.J.M. Kramer (ed.), Biomonitoring of Coastal waters and Estuaries, pp. 247-267. CRC Press, Boca Raton.
Smolders, R., L. Bervoets, W. De Coen and R. Blust – 2004. Cellular energy allocation in zebra mussels exposed along a pollution gradient: linking cellular effects to higher levels of biological organization. Environ. Pollut., 129: 99-112. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2003.09.027 PMid:14749074
Sobral, P. and J. Widdows. – 1997a. The influence of hypoxia and anoxia on the physiological responses of the clam Ruditapes decussatus L. from Southern Portugal. Mar. Biol., 127: 455-461. doi:10.1007/s002270050033
Sobral, P. and J. Widdows. – 1997b. Effects of elevated temperatures on the scope for growth and resistance to air exposure of the clam Ruditapes decussatus (L.) from southern Portugal. Sci. Mar., 61: 163-171.
Socal, G., F. Bianchi and L. Alberighi. – 1999. Effects of thermal pollution and nutrient discharges on a spring phytoplankton bloom in the industrial area of the Lagoon of Venice. Vie Milieu, 49: 19-31.
Wepener, V., L. Bervoets, V. Mubiana and R. Blust. – 2008. Metal exposure and biological responses in resident and transplanted blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) from the Scheldt estuary. Mar. Pollut. Bull., 57: 624-631. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2008.03.030 PMid:18471835
Widdows, J. – 1978. Combined effects of body size, food concentration, and season on the physiology of Mytilus edulis. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K., 58: 109-124. doi:10.1017/S0025315400024449
Widdows J. – 1985. Physiological measurements and physiological procedures. In: Bayne, B.L., D.A. Brown, K. Burns, D.R. Dixon, A. Ivanovici, D.R. Livingstone, D.M. Lowe, M.N. Moore, A.R.D. Stebbing and J. Widdows (eds.) The Effects of Stress and Pollution on Marine Animals, pp. 3-45. Preager Publishers, New York.
Widdows, J. – 1993. Marine and estuarine invertebrate toxicity tests. In: Calow, P. (Ed.), Handbook of Ecotoxicology, vol. 1, pp. 145-166. Blackwell Scientific Publishers, London.
Widdows, J., C. Nasci and V.U. Fossato. – 1997. Effects of pollution on the scope for growth of mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from the Venice lagoon, Italy. Mar. Environ. Res., 43: 69-79. doi:10.1016/0141-1136(96)00003-7
Zandee, D.I., D.A. Holwerda, J.H. Kluytmans and A. de Zwaan. – 1986. Metabolic adaptations to environmental anoxia in the intertidal bivalve mollusk Mytilus edulis L. Neth. J. Zool., 36: 322-343. doi:10.1163/002829686X00117
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2011 Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
© CSIC. Manuscripts published in both the printed and online versions of this Journal are the property of Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, and quoting this source is a requirement for any partial or full reproduction.All contents of this electronic edition, except where otherwise noted, are distributed under a “Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International” (CC BY 4.0) License. You may read here the basic information and the legal text of the license. The indication of the CC BY 4.0 License must be expressly stated in this way when necessary.
Self-archiving in repositories, personal webpages or similar, of any version other than the published by the Editor, is not allowed.