Impacto del dragado hidráulico en las respuestas fisiológicas de la especie objetivo Chamelea gallina (Mollusca: Bivalvia): experimentos de laboratorio y muestreos de campo

Autores/as

  • Vanessa Moschino Department of Biology, University of Padova
  • Luis M. Z. Chicharo Faculdade de Ciencias do Mar e do Ambiente (FCMA)-CCMAR, Universidade do Algarve
  • María Gabriella Marin Department of Biology, University of Padova

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2008.72n3493

Palabras clave:

Chamelea gallina, chirla, dragado hidráulico, respuesta fisiológica, energía disponible para el crecimiento, mar Adriático

Resumen


El efecto del stress mecánico en la chirla Chamelea gallina durante el dragado hidráulico se estimó tanto en el laboratorio como en estudios de campo, midiendo algunos marcadores fisiológicos a nivel de los organismos (tasa de aclarado, tasa de respiración, energía disponible para el crecimiento y supervivencia en pruebas fuera del agua). En el laboratorio se simuló el stress mecánico mediante agitación de las chirlas en un mezclador vortex. En el campo, las chirlas se recolectaron estacionalmente en dos puntos de muestreo a lo largo de la costa del Adriático norte (Lido y Jesolo) y se aplicaron cuatro niveles de stress: el más alto fue el utilizado en la pesca comercial (i.e. alta presión de agua y separación mecánica) y el más bajo fue el muestreo manual por submarinistas. La supervivencia fuera del agua fue el marcador más sensible en la evaluación del stress mecánico en el laboratorio. La tasa de aclarado también decreció significativamente cuando se aplicó agitación. Los resultados de campo indicaron que la alta presión de agua y separación mecanizada afectaron el aclarado, la energía disponible para el crecimiento y la supervivencia fuera del agua, mostrando todos ellos tendencias decrecientes a medida que el stress mecánico incrementaba en los dos puntos de muestreo. Los efectos perjudiciales de la perturbación mecánica pueden ser enfatizados dependiendo de la estación, cuando incrementa el stress endógeno y externo. Se destaca un riesgo potencial para las chirlas pequeñas que son pescadas y posteriormente descartadas.

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2008-09-30

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1.
Moschino V, Chicharo LMZ, Marin MG. Impacto del dragado hidráulico en las respuestas fisiológicas de la especie objetivo Chamelea gallina (Mollusca: Bivalvia): experimentos de laboratorio y muestreos de campo. Sci. mar. [Internet]. 30 de septiembre de 2008 [citado 1 de mayo de 2025];72(3):493-501. Disponible en: https://scientiamarina.revistas.csic.es/index.php/scientiamarina/article/view/1006

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