First release of hatchery juveniles of the dusky grouper <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i> (Lowe, 1834) (Serranidae: Teleostei) at artificial reefs in the Mediterranean: results from a pilot study

Gabriele La Mesa; Alessandro Longobardi; Francesco Sacco; Giovanna Marino

doi:10.3989/scimar.2008.72n4743

Autores/as

Gabriele La Mesa ICRAM, Istituto Centrale per la Ricerca Applicata al Mare
Alessandro Longobardi ICRAM, Istituto Centrale per la Ricerca Applicata al Mare
Francesco Sacco ICRAM, Istituto Centrale per la Ricerca Applicata al Mare
Giovanna Marino ICRAM, Istituto Centrale per la Ricerca Applicata al Mare

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2008.72n4743

Palabras clave:

repoblación, juveniles cultivados en criadero, Epinephelus marginatus, arrecife artiﬁcial, Mediterráneo

Resumen

Un experimento de repoblación, basado en la liberación de juveniles de mero Epinephelus marginatus cultivados en criadero, fue realizado en dos arrecifes artiﬁciales situados 0.9 kilómetros fuera de las costas sicilianas sur-occidentales (Mediterráneo Central). La ictiofauna de los arrecifes fue caracterizada a través de inmersiones submarinas, utilizando la técnica de censo visual (UVC). A pesar de algunas diferencias en número de especies, diversidad y abundancia, ambos arrecifes artiﬁciales proporcionaron recursos alimenticios y refugio adecuados para el establecimiento de juveniles de mero. En total se liberaron 95 meros juveniles de 3 y 4 años de edad. Ningún efecto relacionado al estrés fue observado en el comportamiento de natación de los peces durante el gradual transporte hasta 20 m de profundidad. Después de la liberación, varios meros mostraron una reactividad muy baja, siendo el comportamiento más común quedarse inmóviles y agregados. Después de un mes de censos visuales, las tasas de avistamientos obtenidas en los arrecifes artiﬁciales fueron de 15.7% y 20%. No se observó relación entre el tamaño en el momento de la liberación y la supervivencia. Algunos peces no fueron observados cerca del punto de liberación sino en otra parte del mismo arrecife artiﬁcial, demostrando así su capacidad de moverse por los alrededores. Según lo indicado por los pescadores locales que recobraron meros marcados hasta 13 kilómetros del punto de liberación, el grado de la dispersión de los juveniles liberados superó ampliamente el área abarcada por los arrecifes. Este resultado proporcionan la primera evaluación del potencial de los juveniles de E. marginatus cultivados en criadero para actividades de cría en mar y conservación.

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