Molluscan diversity along a Mediterranean soft bottom sublittoral ecotone

Panayota Koulouri; Costas Dounas; Christos Arvanitidis; Drosos Koutsoubas; Anastasios Eleftheriou

doi:10.3989/scimar.2006.70n4573

Autores/as

Panayota Koulouri Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics
Costas Dounas Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics
Christos Arvanitidis Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics
Drosos Koutsoubas University of the Aegean, Department of Marine Science
Anastasios Eleftheriou University of Crete, Department of Biology

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2006.70n4573

Palabras clave:

diversidad malacológica, ecotono, sublitoral, fondos blandos, diversidad beta, perturbación, evaluación ambiental, Mediterráneo oriental

Resumen

La diversidad malacológica asociada a la zona infralitoral de fondos blandos se ha estudiado en la bahía de Heraklion como parte de un programa de investigación multidisciplinar a largo plazo en la costa norte de Creta (Mediterráneo Oriental). Muestras cuantitativas del bentos fueron recogidas durante un muestreo piloto realizado en una parrilla de 28 estaciones. A continuación se realizó un muestreo estacional en un transecto de siete estaciones situadas entre 10 y 40 m de profundidad. Los análisis univariables y multivariables indicaron la presencia de una clara zonación malacológica a lo largo del gradiente de profundidad, identificándose tres asociaciones principales en zonas batimétricas paralelas a la línea de costa. La estructura de las comunidades locales de moluscos puso de manifiesto la existencia de una extensa zona de transición (ecotono) entre la asociación de arena somera y la de fango profundo y evidenció un patrón funcional basado en los tipos de alimentación a lo largo del gradiente ambiental. La aplicación de técnicas gráficas, empleando la taxocenosis de moluscos, indicó un hábitat perturbado. Lla diversidad beta indicó diferentes adaptaciones de las comunidades estacionales a las condiciones ambientales reinantes. Los resultados obtenidos en este estudio muestran que la diversidad beta puede ser un buen descriptor para la evaluación de la capacidad y la amplitud de las zonas de transición sublitoral a lo largo de gradientes ambientales.

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