Spatiotemporal patterns of phenology of the alien Phaeophyceae Sargassum muticum on the Atlantic coast of Morocco

Samir  El Atouani; Zahira  Belattmania; Soukaina  Kaidi; Aschwin H.  Engelen; Ester A.  Serrão; Abdellatif  Chaouti; Abdeltif  Reani; Brahim  Sabour

doi:10.3989/scimar.05118.010

Autores/as

Samir El Atouani Research Unit Phycology, Blue Biodiversity and Biotechnology, P3B-LB2VE, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5885-7419
Zahira Belattmania Research Unit Phycology, Blue Biodiversity and Biotechnology, P3B-LB2VE, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1415-3625
Soukaina Kaidi Research Unit Phycology, Blue Biodiversity and Biotechnology, P3B-LB2VE, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3016-8691
Aschwin H. Engelen CCMAR - Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9579-9606
Ester A. Serrão CCMAR - Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1316-658X
Abdellatif Chaouti Research Unit Phycology, Blue Biodiversity and Biotechnology, P3B-LB2VE, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2840-7059
Abdeltif Reani Research Unit Phycology, Blue Biodiversity and Biotechnology, P3B-LB2VE, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9380-3595
Brahim Sabour Research Unit Phycology, Blue Biodiversity and Biotechnology, P3B-LB2VE, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5569-0980

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.05118.010

Palabras clave:

dinámica de poblaciones, macroalga invasora, Sargassum muticum, costa marroquí

Resumen

El presente trabajo se centró en el estudio de la fenología y el ciclo de vida del alga parda invasora Sargassum muticum en tres localidades de la costa atlántica de Marruecos durante dos años (2013 y 2014). Los resultados mostraron que S. muticum tiene dos fases de crecimiento distintas; la primera se caracteriza por un crecimiento más lento y ocurre durante el invierno, y la segunda fase caracterizada por un crecimiento más rápido ocurre durante la primavera y principios del verano, cuando la especie mostró una alta tasa de elongación y ramificación alcanzando longitudes entre 1 y más de 5 m dependiendo del sitio de estudio. El sitio S1, donde el sustrato rocoso estuvo cubierto por arena, los talos presentaron una mayor elongación con longitudes máximas de 643.33±11.10 cm registradas en julio. En los sitios rocosos (S2 y S3), la longitud máxima de las algas dependió de la profundidad de las piscinas. Aunque el alargamiento de los talos fue mayor con la profundidad, la densidad de los asentamientos (5-48 ind. m^-2) parece estar principalmente relacionada con la naturaleza del sustrato. El índice de madurez aumentó progresivamente desde la primavera hasta principios del verano alcanzando los valores más altos durante el verano. S. muticum parece ser más abundante y se aclimata mejor en pozas rocosas poco profundas (suficientemente iluminadas y semi-expuestas a la acción del oleaje en los niveles medios e inferiores del intermareal), que en sitios protegidos de fondos arenosos con bajas fuerzas hidrodinámicas.

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