Release efficiency and selectivity of four different square mesh panel configurations in the Basque mixed bottom trawl fishery

Elsa Cuende; Luis Arregi; Bent Herrmann; Manu Sistiaga; Mikel Basterretxea

doi:10.3989/scimar.04975.17A

Autores/as

Elsa Cuende AZTI-Tecnalia, Marine Research Division https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5787-5612
Luis Arregi AZTI-Tecnalia, Marine Research Division https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6273-3654
Bent Herrmann SINTEF Ocean, Fishing Gear Technology - The Arctic University of Norway https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1325-6198
Manu Sistiaga Institute of Marine Research https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0750-0900
Mikel Basterretxea AZTI-Tecnalia, Marine Research Division https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7684-4398

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04975.17A

Palabras clave:

panel de malla cuadrada, luces LED, pesca de arrastre, eficiencia de escape, merluza, bacaladilla

Resumen

La reducción de descartes en la pesquería de arrastre del País Vasco supone un problema importante. En 2006, se introdujo en la reglamentación la posibilidad de usar un Panel de Malla Cuadrada (SMP) en la zona anterior al copo para mejorar la selectividad de la red. Sin embargo, estudios recientes manifiestan que la eficiencia de escape de los peces es baja debido a la falta de contacto selectivo entre el pez y el panel. En este estudio, analizamos la eficiencia de diferentes configuraciones del SMP. Se analizó el efecto de luces LED colocadas en distintas posiciones, el efecto del tamaño del SMP y su localización. Estudiamos la merluza (Merluccius merluccius) y la bacaladilla (Micromesistius poutassou). La posición de las LED demostró no tener ningún efecto significativo sobre la eficiencia de escape del SMP para ninguna de las dos especies. Sin embargo, aumentar el área del panel tuvo un efecto significativo en la eficiencia de escape de la bacaladilla, mientras que el cambio de posición del SMP incrementó la eficiencia de escape de la merluza a través del SMP. Estos resultados muestran el reto que supone mejorar la selectividad de un arte de pesca simultáneamente para especies demersales con comportamientos diferentes.

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