Hypoxia in deep waters of moderately eutrophic marine lakes, Island of Mljet, eastern Adriatic Sea

Enis Hrustić; Svjetlana Bobanović-Ćolić

doi:10.3989/scimar.04523.25A

Autores/as

Enis Hrustić Ruđer Bošković Institute, Centre for Marine Research https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5274-8649
Svjetlana Bobanović-Ćolić Institute for Marine and Coastal Research, University of Dubrovnik https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2378-0604

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04523.25A

Palabras clave:

hipoxia, eutrofización, lagos marinos, zona costera, mar Adriático, mar Mediterráneo

Resumen

En este estudio, exploramos el impacto de la eutrofización y la estratificación sobre la hipoxia, en aguas profundas de los lagos marinos croatas moderadamente cálidos. Aunque los lagos Mljet (LsM) son predominantemente oligotróficos, las condiciones mesotróficas están presentes a profundidades inferiores a 20 m en el Lago Menor (LMe) y a 30 m en el Lago Mayor (LMa), junto con un mayor uso del oxígeno aparente (UOA). Fue observada hipoxia a profundidades ≥ 25 m en el LMe y ≥ 40 m en el LMa entre octubre de 2009 y enero de 2010, y en LMe en verano (julio y septiembre de 2010). Fueron detectadas diferencias significativas (p < 0.05) en varios parámetros físicos, biológicos y químicos entre los lagos, mientras que el UOA, la tasa de utilización de oxígeno derivado y la tasa de remineralización de carbono orgánico no fueron significativamente diferentes (p > 0.05) entre los lagos. La intensa y persistente picnoclina a lo largo del año, la temperatura comparativamente alta del agua, el tiempo prolongado de renovación del agua y la floración estival del fitoplancton se identificaron como parámetros físicos y biológicos que podrían haber contribuido significativamente incrementando la frecuencia de eventos hipóxicos en un LMe superficial. Una concentración de amonio significativamente mayor (p < 0.05) en LMe, especialmente en sus aguas profundas, parece ser una característica química a largo plazo relacionada con la escasa ventilación y la mayor demanda de oxígeno en los sedimentos. Al nivel actual de eutrofización con las tendencias actuales del cambio climático, los LsM y sistemas similares podrían experimentar una estratificación más persistente e intensa, lo que podría prevenir aún más la mezcla entre aguas más superficiales y profundas, conduciendo posiblemente a un incremento en la duración de la hipoxia y a los impactos negativos sobre la biodiversidad de las comunidades bentónicas.

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