Small-scale fisheries in Madeira: recreational vs artisanal fisheries

Roi  Martínez-Escauriaza; Francesca  Gizzi; Lídia  Gouveia; Nuno  Gouveia; Margarida  Hermida

doi:10.3989/scimar.05180.022

Autores/as

Roi Martínez-Escauriaza Oceanic Observatory of Madeira, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da InvestigaçãoTecnologia e Inovação, (ARDITI) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1219-9937
Francesca Gizzi MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação, Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI) https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9447-8694
Lídia Gouveia Direção de Serviços de Monitorização, Estudos e Investigação do Mar (DSEIMar) https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6904-7673
Nuno Gouveia Direção Regional de Pescas, Direção de Serviços de Inspeção e Controlo, Edifício da Sociedade Metropolitana de Câmara de Lobos https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4633-4674
Margarida Hermida Oceanic Observatory of Madeira, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da InvestigaçãoTecnologia e Inovação, (ARDITI) - MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação, Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0259-109X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.05180.022

Palabras clave:

pesca con embarcaciones de recreo, pesca artesanal, Madeira, Portugal, composición de la captura de especies

Resumen

La pesca recreativa y artesanal a pequeña escala (small-scale fisheries - SSF) es una actividad común en la Región Autónoma de Madeira de la que hasta la fecha, no se dispone de información sobre su impacto en los ecosistemas costeros regionales. A través de encuestas a pescadores y los registros oficiales de descargas de las especies capturadas, fue posible describir y caracterizar esta modalidad de pesca en la región y comparando la pesca artesanal con la recreativa. En 2017, las embarcaciones artesanales registraron descargas de 91 especies diferentes, mientras que en las capturas recreativas se contabilizaron 58 especies. Las capturas más frecuentes fueron Dentex gibbosus, Phycis phycis y Pagrus pagrus para la pesca artesanal, y P. pagrus, Serranus atricauda y Diplodus spp. para la recreativa. Al comparar las mismas técnicas coincidentes en las dos modalidades de pesca, se observó que en la pesca artesanal siempre presentó valores de CPUE más altos que la recreativa embarcada. Aún así, debido al bajo número de embarcaciones artesanales, se observó que los valores anuales de descargas totales para esta pesquería, son mucho menores que los estimados para la pesca recreativa embarcada (en 2017 fueron de 62,3 t en pesca artesanal, mientras que lo estimado para la pesca recreativa fueron 509,8 t). A pesar de que los datos estimados de pesca recreativa se basaron en encuestas y, por lo tanto, están sujetos a varios sesgos, esta actividad parece que puede afectar a los ecosistemas costeros, que junto con la pesca artesanal, puede ejercer una presión importante sobre las especies objetivo. Adecuar la legislación en ambas pesquerías es fundamental para poder realizar una gestión adecuada de los recursos.

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Citas

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