Ecological importance of survival of unwanted invertebrates discarded in different NW Mediterranean trawl fisheries
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04784.28AKeywords:
discard survival, invertebrates, mortality estimation, vitality levels, trawl fishery, MediterraneanAbstract
There is currently very little information on the survival of discards of unwanted and unregulated catches of invertebrates after the stresses caused by capture. A great number of the unregulated invertebrate species form the basis of essential fish habitats for important fisheries resources such as hake, red mullet and cuttlefish. Thus, data on their survival after discarding may help to interpret the role of these species within the benthic ecosystems. Furthermore, descriptor 6 of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (EU Directive 2008/56/E) foresees maintaining sea floor integrity at a level that ensures that the structure and functions of the ecosystems are safeguarded, and Article 7(d) of the Common Fisheries Policy (EU Reg. 1380/2013) foresees the implementation of management measures for fishing with low impact on the marine ecosystem and fishery resources. Survival measurements by direct recovery of tagged discarded species are not effective in bottom trawl fisheries, for which alternative studies such as semi-quantitative measures obtained on board prior to discarding can be considered as appropriate for mortality estimation. The present work assessed the survival of unwanted species using a semi-quantitative assessment on the deck of trawlers and at the laboratory for a period of 96 hours in two Mediterranean areas (the Catalan coast and the Ligurian and Northern Tyrrhenian seas). A high number of discarded invertebrates showed a high percentage of survival (>70%) in both assessments. The results can be used to provide information that can help to achieve higher survival levels of discarded specimens and enhance the productivity of fishing grounds by increasing the health of benthic ecosystems.
Downloads
References
Abella A., Fiorentino F., Mannini A., et al. 2008. Exploring relationships between recruitment of European hake (Merluccius merluccius L. 1758) and environmental factors in the Ligurian Sea and the Strait of Sicily (Central Mediterranean). J. Mar. Syst. 71: 279-293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2007.05.010
Benoît H-P., Hurlbut T., Chassé J., et al. 2012. Estimating fishery-scale rates of discard mortality using conditional reasoning. Fish. Res. 125-126: 318-330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2011.12.004
Bergmann M., Moore P.G. 2001. Survival of decapod crustaceans discarded in the Nephrops fishery of the Clyde Sea area, Scotland. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 58: 163-171. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmsc.2000.0999
Bergmann M., Taylor A.C., Moore P.G. 2001. Physiological stress in decapod crustaceans Munida rugosa and Liocarcinus depurator discarded in the Clyde Nephrops fishery. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 259: 215-229. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0981(01)00231-3
Colloca F., Carpentieri P., Balestri E., et al. 2004. A critical habitat for Mediterranean fish resources: shelf-break areas with Leptometra phalangium (Echinodermata: Crinoidea). Mar. Biol. 145: 1129-1142. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-004-1405-8
Colloca F., Bartolino V., Lasinio G., et al. 2009. Identifying fish nurseries using density and persistence measures. Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 381: 287-296. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps07942
Costello M.J., Claus S., Dekeyzer S., et al. 2015. Biological and ecological traits of marine species. PeerJ 3: e1201. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1201 PMid:26312188 PMCid:PMC4548538
de Juan S., Demestre M. 2012. A Trawl Disturbance Indicator to quantify large scale fishing impact on benthic ecosystems. Ecol. Indic. 18: 183-190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.11.020
de Juan S., Thrush S., Demestre M. 2007. Functional changes as indicators of trawling disturbance on a benthic community located in a fishing ground (NW Mediterranean Sea). Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 334: 117-129. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps334117
de Juan S., Demestre M., Sánchez P. 2011. Exploring the degree of trawling disturbance by the analysis of benthic communities ranging from a heavily exploited fishing ground to an undisturbed area in the NW Mediterranean. Sci. Mar. 75: 507-516. https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2011.75n3507
Demestre M. 2012. Viabilidad de la adaptación de invertebrados bentónicos procedentes del "by-catch" de la pesca de arrastre en Mediterráneo catalán y sus posibles usos. VIBAM. Informe Final 77 pp. PMCid:PMC3659670
Demestre M., Sanchez P., Kaiser M.J. 2000. The behavioural response of benthic scavengers to otter trawling disturbance in the Mediterranean. In: Kaiser M.J., de Groot S.J. (eds), Effects of fishing on non-target species and habitats, Blackwell, Oxford, pp. 121-139.
Demestre M., de Juan S., Sartor P., et al. 2008. Seasonal closures as a measure of trawling effort control in two Mediterranean trawling grounds: Effects on epibenthic communities. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 56: 1765-1773. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2008.06.004 PMid:18649897
Demestre M., Muntadas A., de Juan S., et al. 2015. The need for fine-scale assessment of trawl fishing effort to inform on an ecosystem approach to fisheries: Exploring three data sources in Mediterranean trawling grounds. Mar. Policy 62: 134-143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2015.09.012
Demestre M., Muntadas A., Sanchez P., et al. 2017. Bio and Antropogenic Disturbance of Maërl Communities Settled on Subsequeous Dunes on the Mar Menor Continental Shelf (Western Mediterranean). In: Guillén J., Acosta J., Chiocci F., et al. (eds), Atlas of Bedforms in the Western Mediterranean. Springer Cham, pp, 215-219.
Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO). 2006. Impacts of Trawl Gears and Scallop Dredges on Benthic Habitats, Populations and Communities. DFO Can. Sci. Advis. Sec. Sci. Advis. Rep. 2006/025.
European Commision (EC). 2006. European Council Regulation No 1967/2006 of 21 December 2006 concerning management measures for the sustainable exploitation of fishery resources in the Mediterranean Sea, amending Regulation (EEC) No 2847/93 and repealing Regulation (EC) No 1626/94. Off. J. Europ. Union.
European Commision (EC). 2008. EU Directive 2008/56/EC of the European parliament and of the Council of 17 June 2008 establishing framework for community action in the field of marine environmental policy (Marine Strategy Framework Directive).
European Union Regulation (EU Reg.). 2013. No 1380/2013 of 11 December 2013 on the Common Fisheries Policy, amending Council Regulations (EC) No 1954/2003 and (EC) No 1224/2009 and repealing Council Regulations (EC) No 2371/2002 and (EC) No 639/2004 and Council Decision 2004/585/EC. Off. J. Europ. Union L 354/22.
FAO. 2011. International Guidelines on by-Catch Management and Reduction of Discards. Roma.
Fiorentino F., Badalamenti F., D'Anna G., et al. 2008. Changes in spawning-stock structure and recruitment pattern of red mullet, Mullus barbatus, after a trawl ban in the Gulf of Castellammare (central Mediterranean Sea). ICES J. Mar. Sci. 65: 1175-1183. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsn104
Frid C.L. J. 2011. Temporal variability in the benthos: Does the sea floor function differently over time? J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 400: 99-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2011.02.024
Giomi F., Raicevich S., Giovanardi O., et al. 2008. Catch me in winter! Seasonal variation in air temperature severely enhances physiological stress and mortality of species subjected to sorting operations and discarded during annual fishing activities. Hydrobiologia 606: 195-202. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-008-9336-x
Hewitt J.E., Thrush S.F., Dayton P.D. 2008. Habitat Variation, Species Diversity and Ecological Functioning in a Marine System. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 366: 116-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2008.07.016
ICES. 2014. Report of the Workshop on Methods for Estimating Discard Survival (WKMEDS), 17-21 February 2014, ICES HQ, Copenhagen, Denmark. ICES CM 2014/ACOM:51. 114 pp.
ICES. 2017. Interim Report of the ICES-FAO Working Group on Fishing Technology and Fish Behaviour (WGFTFB). ICES WGFTFB 2017 REPORT 4-7 April 2017. Nelson, New Zealand. ICES CM 2017/SSGIEOM:13. 194 pp.
IngólfssonIng Ó.A., Soldal A.V., Huse I., et al. 2007. Escape mortality of cod, saithe, and haddock in a Barents Sea trawl fishery. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 64: 1836-1844. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsm150
Jennings S., Dinmore T.A., Duplisea D.E., et al. 2001. Trawling disturbance can modify benthic production processes. J. Anim. Ecol. 70: 459-475. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2656.2001.00504.x
Kaiser M.J., Spencer B.E. 1995. Survival of by-catch from a beam trawl. Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 126: 31-38. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps126031
Kaiser M.J., Clarke K., Hinz H., et al. 2006. Global analysis of response and recovery of benthic biota to fishing. Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 311: 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps311001
Kamenos N.A., Moore P.G., Hall-Spencer J.M. 2004. Nursery-area function of maerl grounds for juvenile queen scallops Aequipecten opercularis and other invertebrates. Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 274: 183-189. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps274183
Kaplan E.L., Meier P. 1958. Nonparametric Estimation from Incomplete Observations J. Amer. Statis. Assoc. 53: 457-481. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1958.10501452
Lleonart J. 2015. Mediterranean Fisheries. Stocks, Assessments and Exploitation Status. IEMed Mediterranean Yearbook, IEMedObs, pp. 276-281. http://www.iemed.org/observatori/arees-danalisi/arxius-adjunts/anuari/med.2015/IEMed%20Yearbook%202015_Panorama_MediterraneanFisheries_JordiLleonart.pdf/view
Lohrer A.M., Thrush S.F., Gibbs M.M. 2004. Bioturbators enhance ecosystem function through complex biogeochemical interactions. Nature 431: 1092-1095. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03042 PMid:15470385
Machias A., Vassilopoulou V., Vatsos D., et al. 2001. Bottom trawl discards in the northeastern Mediterranean Sea. Fish. Res. 53: 181-195. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-7836(00)00298-8
Martín P., Muntadas A., de Juan S., et al. 2014. Performance of a northwestern Mediterranean bottom trawl fleet: How the integration of landings and VMS data can contribute to the implementation of ecosystem-based fisheries management. Mar. Policy 43: 112-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2013.05.009
Mastrototaro F., Chimienti G., Acosta J., et al. 2017. Isidella elongata (Cnidaria: Alcyonacea) facies in the western Mediterranean Sea: visual surveys and descriptions of its ecological role. Europ. Zool. J. 84: 209-225.
Muntadas A., Demestre M., de Juan S., et al. 2014. Trawling Disturbance on Benthic Ecosystems and Consequences on Commercial Species: A Northwestern Mediterranean Case Study. Sci. Mar. 78S1: 53-85.
Muntadas A., Lample M., Demestre M., et al. 2015. A Knowledge Platform to Inform on the Effects of Trawling on Benthic Communities. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 201: 223-233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2017.01.001
Piet G.J., Hintzen N.T. 2012. Indicators of fishing pressure and seafloor integrity. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 69: 1850-1858. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fss162
Pipitone C., Badalamenti F., D'Anna G., et al. 2000. Fish biomass increase after a four-year trawl ban in the Gulf of Castellammare (NW Sicily, Mediterranean Sea). Fish. Res. 48: 23-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-7836(00)00114-4
Ramsay K., Kaiser M.J., Hughes R.N. 1996. Changes in hermit crab feeding patterns in response to trawling disturbance. Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 144: 63-72. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps144063
R Core Team. 2017. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. https://www.R-project.org/
Sánchez P., Demestre M., Martín P. 2004. Characterisation of the discards generated by bottom trawling in the northwestern Mediterranean. Fish. Res. 67: 71-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2003.08.004
Sánchez P., Sartor P., Recasens L., et al. 2007. Trawl catch composition during different fishing intensity periods in two Mediterranean demersal fishing grounds. Sci. Mar. 71: 765-773. https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2007.71n4765
Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries (STECF). 2016. The 2016 Annual Economic Report on the EU Fishing Fleet (STECF-16-11). Publ. Off. Europ. Union, Luxembourg, 470 pp.
Tsagarakis K., Palialexis A., Vassilopoulou V. 2014. Mediterranean fishery discards: review of the existing knowledge. ICES J. M. Sci. 71: 1219-1234. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fst074
Tsagarakis K., Carbonell A., Br?i? J., et al. 2017. Old Info for a New Fisheries Policy: Discard Ratios and Lengths at Discarding in EU Mediterranean Bottom Trawl Fisheries. Front. Mar. Sci. 4: 99.
van Denderen P.D., van Kooten T., Rijnsdorp A.D. 2013. When does fishing lead to more fish? Community consequences of bottom trawl fisheries in demersal food webs. Proc. R. Soc. B 280: 20131883. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.1883 PMid:24004941 PMCid:PMC3768322
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2011 Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
© CSIC. Manuscripts published in both the print and online versions of this journal are the property of the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, and quoting this source is a requirement for any partial or full reproduction.
All contents of this electronic edition, except where otherwise noted, are distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence. You may read the basic information and the legal text of the licence. The indication of the CC BY 4.0 licence must be expressly stated in this way when necessary.
Self-archiving in repositories, personal webpages or similar, of any version other than the final version of the work produced by the publisher, is not allowed.
