Picofitoplancton y ciclo del carbono en la plataforma continental noreste del golfo de Cádiz (SO península Ibérica)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.03732.27DPalabras clave:
ciclo del carbono, clorofila-a, picofitoplancton, variaciones estacionales, zona costera, estuario del Guadalquivir, golfo de CádizResumen
Se llevaron a cabo cuatro campañas oceanográficas (Jun’06 y Nov’06; Feb’07 y May’07) en la plataforma continental noreste del golfo de Cádiz (suroeste de la península Ibérica) para relacionar la distribución espacio-temporal de los parámetros del ciclo del carbono (carbono inorgánico disuelto y carbono orgánico disuelto) con la biomasa picofitoplanctónica y la composición de la comunidad. Además, se investigó la producción neta del ecosistema y la contribución del picofitoplancton al proceso de intercambio atmósfera-agua de CO2. Los resultados mostraron que la clorofila-a, los parámetros del ciclo del carbono y la composición del picofitoplancton presentaron una gran estacionalidad, jugando el estuario del Guadalquivir un papel importante en la contribución de nutrientes y material particulado en suspensión a lo largo del año. Los análisis de citometría demostraron que Prochlorococcus y Synechococcus fueron las principales poblaciones en el área de estudio y que su distribución espacial y temporal fue complementaria: Prochlorococcus presentó la máxima concentración en primavera y verano en aguas superficiales oceánicas, mientras que Synechococcus en invierno y otoño en aguas someras. Además, se observó una relación entre los parámetros estudiados y fugacidad de CO2, lo que sugiere que la producción primaria es un factor importante en la regulación de este parámetro en el área de estudio. El balance de carbono calculado indicó que el área actúa como sumidero de carbono a escala anual.
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